Worked example · Science and Technology · Year 5
DCF: Data and computational thinking → Data and information literacy
Also assessed, LNF: Numeracy → Learning that statistics represent data and that probability models chance helps us make informed inferences and decisions → Interpreting data
A secure Year 5 response, annotated so you can see which success criterion each part meets. It is also the answer key. Drops: paper 43, plastic 39, china 34, flask 12. Sorted at 30 minutes: flask 68, china 46, plastic 41, paper 37. Rhian: supported. Dylan: not supported. Elin: not supported. Jac: supported for this test, but not certain.
(a) 59. The china mug was 59°C after 15 minutes.
(b) E4 (76°C).
(c) 20°C.
Column letter then row number, and the value explained with its unit. Evidences criterion 1.
| A | B | C | D | E | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Time (min) | Paper cup (°C) | Plastic cup (°C) | China mug (°C) | Flask with lid (°C) |
| 2 | 0 | 80 | 80 | 80 | 80 |
| 3 | 5 | 68 | 70 | 72 | 78 |
| 4 | 10 | 59 | 62 | 65 | 76 |
| 5 | 15 | 52 | 55 | 59 | 74 |
| 6 | 20 | 46 | 50 | 54 | 72 |
| 7 | 25 | 41 | 45 | 50 | 70 |
| 8 | 30 | 37 | 41 | 46 | 68 |
| 9 | Drop | =B2-B8 43 | =C2-C8 39 | =D2-D8 34 | =E2-E8 12 |
| 10 | Lowest | =MIN(B2:B8) 37 | =MIN(C2:C8) 41 | =MIN(D2:D8) 46 | =MIN(E2:E8) 68 |
Check: 46 + 34 = 80, the start temperature of the china mug.
Each formula uses the right cells for its own column. If a pupil writes =80-41, the number is right but the formula would not update if the data changed, so give partial credit. Evidences criterion 2.
| Order | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 4th |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cup | Flask with lid | China mug | Plastic cup | Paper cup |
| °C | 68 | 46 | 41 | 37 |
Evidences criterion 3.
(a) Between 15 minutes (52°C) and 20 minutes (46°C).
(b) 20 minutes.
(c) The paper cup: 80 − 68 = 12 degrees.
(d) Faster at the start. It dropped 12°C in the first 5 minutes but only 4°C in the last 5 minutes (41 to 37).
(e) It only loses 2°C every 5 minutes, because the flask and its lid stop most of the heat escaping.
Values and changes read accurately from the graph, with numbers used as evidence. This is interpreting data (numeracy) evidence. Evidences criterion 4.
| Claim | Verdict | Because... |
|---|---|---|
| Rhian | Supported | The flask was warmest at every reading after the start, and 68°C at 30 minutes. |
| Dylan | Not supported | The flask had a lid and the others did not, so we cannot tell if the metal or the lid kept the heat in. Two things changed, so it was not a fair test. |
| Elin | Not supported | The water cools more slowly as it gets near room temperature. It will stop at about 20°C, the temperature of the room, not 0°C. |
| Jac | Supported, but not sure | The china mug was 46°C and the plastic cup 41°C at 30 minutes, but the test was only done once, so it could be chance. |
Spots a misleading conclusion (Dylan) and an uncertain one (Jac), and uses the room temperature to reject Elin’s prediction. Numeracy evidence. Evidences criterion 5.
(a) Put a lid on every cup, or on none, so only the material changes. Repeat the test 3 times and compare the results.
(b) =E8-2 gives 66.
Evidences criteria 2 and 5.
=B2-B3 gives 12.
A paper cup with a lid would cool more slowly than the paper cup without one, so its line would sit above the red line but probably below the flask line.