Cover lesson · Welsh · Year 10 · Intermediate

Ysgrifennu erthygl Gymraeg o ffynonellau Saesneg / Writing a Welsh article from English sources

LNF: Literacy → Translanguaging → Translanguaging

Enw: Dosbarth: Dyddiad:

Cover teacher: you need no Welsh at all

What this practises: GCSE Cymraeg Language and Literature (WJEC, Made for Wales), Unit 4a: Linguistic Connections, the written examination. Content area 4.1.3 asks for “writing in an accurate manner when proofreading and correcting and/or translating short text”, and the specification’s opportunities for integration of learning experiences list translanguaging, or mediating from one language to another. Pupils read three short English sources and write in Welsh. The literacy skill is moving meaning between languages: choosing natural Welsh over word-for-word translation, and selecting and reorganising information for a new reader.

Print: this sheet, one per pupil, and the stimulus sheet “Glanhau Afon Helyg: tair ffynhonnell Saesneg”, one per pupil or pair. No computers, phones, dictionaries or online translators. The town, group and figures are invented.

Run: 5 min pupils read the three sources · 8 min Step 1, the glossary · 12 min Step 2, literal or natural? · 8 min Step 3, planning the article · 20 min Step 4, the article, alone and in silence · 5 min Step 5, checking and counting words.

Collect: this sheet. Checks you can make without any Welsh: in Step 1, “kingfisher” should be glas y dorlan and “free of charge” should be am ddim. In Step 2, sentence 1 should use hen wragedd a ffyn, not cathod a chŵn. The Step 4 article needs a headline, at least one quotation inside speech marks, and 150 to 200 words (pupils write the count at the end). It must not start with the date of the clean-up day, as the council notice does: a good article opens with the most interesting news.

Beth rwyt ti’n ei wneud

Mae cylchgrawn yr ysgol eisiau erthygl am y grŵp sy’n glanhau Afon Helyg. Mae’r wybodaeth i gyd yn Saesneg. Rwyt ti’n darllen y tair ffynhonnell, yn creu geirfa Gymraeg, yn cymharu cyfieithiad llythrennol â Chymraeg naturiol, ac yna’n ysgrifennu erthygl Gymraeg. Nid cyfieithiad yw’r erthygl: rwyt ti’n dewis, yn aildrefnu ac yn addasu’r wybodaeth ar gyfer darllenwyr ifanc.

The school magazine wants an article about the group that cleans the River Helyg. All the information is in English. You read the three sources, build a Welsh glossary, compare a literal translation with natural Welsh, then write a Welsh article. The article is not a translation: you select, reorder and adapt the information for young readers.

Cam 1: geirfa / glossary

Ysgrifenna’r gair neu’r ymadrodd Cymraeg. Yn y golofn olaf, rho nodyn defnyddiol: cenedl (gwrywaidd neu fenywaidd), lluosog, neu dreiglad. Write the Welsh word or phrase. In the last column add a useful note: gender, plural, or a mutation.

SaesnegCymraegNodyn
volunteers
clean-up day
riverbank
litter pickers
gloves
wellies
shopping trolleys
tyres
tonne
kingfisher
young trout
free of charge

Cam 2: llythrennol neu naturiol? / literal or natural?

Cafodd y pum brawddeg Saesneg hyn eu cyfieithu gair am air. Mae’r fersiwn llythrennol yn anghywir neu’n swnio’n rhyfedd. Ysgrifenna fersiwn naturiol, ac esbonia beth oedd y broblem: idiom, ystyr (y gair anghywir), trefn geiriau, treiglad neu cywair. These five English sentences were translated word for word. Write a natural version and say what the problem was.

#Saesneg a’r fersiwn llythrennolFy fersiwn naturiolBeth oedd y broblem?
1It rained cats and dogs all morning.
Roedd hi’n bwrw cathod a chŵn drwy’r bore.
2Many hands make light work.
Mae llawer o ddwylo yn gwneud gwaith golau.
3We had a whale of a time.
Cawson ni amser morfil.
4Gloves, litter pickers and bags will be provided free of charge.
Menig, casglwyr sbwriel a bagiau bydd yn cael eu darparu rhydd o dâl.
5Under 16s must be accompanied by an adult.
Dan 16s rhaid bod yn cyfeilio gan oedolyn.

(b) Ym mrawddeg 5, beth yw ystyr arferol “cyfeilio”? Pam mae’n ddoniol yma? In sentence 5, what does “cyfeilio” usually mean? Why is it funny here?

Cam 3: dewis ac aildrefnu / select and reorder

Mae darllenwyr y cylchgrawn rhwng 11 a 16 oed. Paid â dilyn trefn y ffynonellau. Cynllunia dy erthygl yma. The readers are 11 to 16. Do not follow the order of the sources. Plan your article here.

Pennawd (byr, bachog)
Agoriad: y newyddion mwyaf diddorol
3 ffigur o ffynhonnell 3
Dyfyniad o ffynhonnell 2 (yn Gymraeg naturiol)
Diwedd: beth mae’r darllenydd yn gallu ei wneud?
Beth rwyt ti’n ei adael allan, a pham?

Cam 4: yr erthygl / the article

Ysgrifenna erthygl 150 i 200 gair ar gyfer cylchgrawn yr ysgol. Write a 150 to 200 word article for the school magazine.

Nifer y geiriau: ______ Word count

Cam 5: gwirio / checking

Darllena dy erthygl eto. Tanlinella un enghraifft o bob un: berf ar ddechrau brawddeg, treiglad ar ôl rhif, idiom Cymraeg. Cywira ddau wall. Reread your article. Underline one example of each: a verb at the start of a sentence, a mutation after a number, a Welsh idiom. Correct two mistakes.

Cam wrth gam / Step by step

  1. 5 min Darllen y tair ffynhonnell. Read the three sources.
  2. 8 min Cam 1: y rhestr eirfa.
  3. 12 min Cam 2: llythrennol neu naturiol, ac ateb (b).
  4. 8 min Cam 3: cynllunio’r erthygl.
  5. 20 min Cam 4: yr erthygl, ar dy ben dy hun, yn dawel.
  6. 5 min Cam 5: gwirio a chyfrif y geiriau.

Meini prawf llwyddiant / Success criteria

Os wyt ti’n gorffen yn gynnar / If you finish early