GCSE Mathematics and Numeracy
Mae disgrifiadau'r TGAU yn Saesneg yn unig, gan eu bod wedi eu cymryd o fanyleb Saesneg CBAC.
This double award is assessed by three written papers, one of them non-calculator, covering number, algebra, geometry and measures, statistics and probability, with Unit 1 given over to financial mathematics in real-world contexts. Literacy matters more than many expect: every paper sets questions in written context and awards two marks for communicating, organising and writing accurately, so learners must read problems closely and explain their working in words. The biggest thing Key Stage 3 should build is solving multi-step worded problems from real contexts, with every step explained and a written conclusion.
- Addysgu gyntaf
- Medi 2025
- Faint o waith llythrennedd
- Canolig
- Faint o waith rhifedd
- Uchel
- Manyleb
- Agor manyleb CBAC (PDF)
Sut mae'r TGAU hwn yn cael ei asesu
- Unit 1: Financial Mathematics and Other Applications of Numeracy: Written examination, Higher Tier 1 hour 45 minutes (80 marks), Foundation Tier 1 hour 30 minutes (65 marks), 30%, calculator allowed
- Unit 2: Non-calculator: Written examination, Higher Tier 1 hour 45 minutes (80 marks), Foundation Tier 1 hour 30 minutes (65 marks), 30%, calculator not allowed
- Unit 3: Calculator-allowed: Written examination, Higher Tier 2 hours (90 marks), Foundation Tier 1 hour 45 minutes (75 marks), 40%, calculator allowed
Y sgiliau llythrennedd a rhifedd yn y TGAU hwn
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Reading and interpreting problems set in real-world context
All three papers set questions in personal, work, societal and scientific contexts, and Unit 1 expects learners to interpret mathematical information in infographics, schedules, tables, timetables, calendars and charts before choosing a method.
Llythrennedd: Strategaethau darllen
Paratoi disgyblion
- Blwyddyn 7
- Pupils highlight the question, the key numbers and the units in worded problems before solving, then rewrite each problem as a one-line calculation plan.
- Blwyddyn 8
- Pupils read a real leisure centre price list or a bus timetable, pick out only the information they need, and answer multi-step questions from it.
- Blwyddyn 9
- Pupils tackle unstructured, multi-step problems in real contexts, such as a utility bill or an infographic on household energy use, annotating what the question asks before starting.
Dangos geiriad y fanyleb a datganiadau'r Fframwaith Llythrennedd a Rhifedd
Ble mae yn y fanyleb: Section 3.1, Questions set in context, page 51, and Unit 1, Section 1.7.1, page 17
“Learners will be required to respond to questions set in context and context-free questions in all three written examinations.”
Cam cynnydd 3
Rwy’n gallu darllen geiriau a brawddegau o wahanol destunau gan ddefnyddio ystod o strategaethau i bennu ystyr.
Rwy'n gallu defnyddio ystod o strategaethau er mwyn dod o hyd i wybodaeth, e.e. cip ddarllen (sgimio) am yr hanfodion, llithr ddarllen (sganio) am fanylion.
Cam cynnydd 4
Rwy'n gallu darllen a chanolbwyntio ar destunau a argraffwyd a thestunau digidol sy'n newydd i mi a diweddaru, ehangu a dyfnhau fy nealltwriaeth o wybodaeth, syniadau a materion.
Rwy'n gallu defnyddio ystod o strategaethau, e.e. darllen cyflym, darllen agos, anodi, rhagfynegi, i gip ddarllen (sgimio) testunau i gael yr hanfodion, y syniadau a’r themâu allweddol, a’u llithr ddarllen (sganio) am wybodaeth fanwl.
Cam cynnydd 5
Rwy'n gallu darllen a dadansoddi ystod o destunau nas gwelais o'r blaen, testunau a argraffwyd a thestunau digidol, gan ganolbwyntio ac yn annibynnol.
Rwy'n gallu defnyddio ystod o strategaethau, e.e. darllen cyflym, darllen agos, anodi, rhagfynegi, i gip ddarllen (sgimio) testunau i gael yr hanfodion, y syniadau a’r themâu allweddol, a’u llithr ddarllen (sganio) am wybodaeth fanwl, gan ddethol a gwneud sylwadau aeddfed ar y syniadau a’r themâu allweddol.
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Explaining working and writing a conclusion
Every paper awards one mark for communicating and organising, so learners must present a structured response, explain each step to the reader, and write a conclusion that says what the answer means.
Llythrennedd: Cynllunio a threfnu ar gyfer gwahanol ddibenion, cynulleidfaoedd a chyd-destunau, Cysyllteiriau a chystrawen
Paratoi disgyblion
- Blwyddyn 7
- Pupils set out worded problems with sentence starters such as 'First I found', 'so' and 'therefore', and finish every one with a concluding sentence.
- Blwyddyn 8
- Pupils compare two mobile phone contracts and write a structured answer with each step explained, ending with a conclusion that states which is cheaper and why.
- Blwyddyn 9
- Pupils mark model answers against the WJEC communicating and organising criteria, then redraft their own solution to a multi-step problem so that it meets them.
Dangos geiriad y fanyleb a datganiadau'r Fframwaith Llythrennedd a Rhifedd
Ble mae yn y fanyleb: Section 3.1, Organising, communicating and writing accurately, page 51
“explain to the reader what they are doing at each step of their response”
Cam cynnydd 3
Rwy'n gallu ysgrifennu cyflwyniad effeithiol sy'n nodi'r cyd-destun a'r diben, gan gynnwys cydbwysedd addas rhwng ffeithiau a safbwyntiau, a chasgliad penodol.
Rwy'n gallu defnyddio paragraffau a gwneud cysylltiadau rhyngddyn nhw.
Rwy'n gallu defnyddio amrywiaeth gynyddol o gysyllteiriau i drefnu fy syniadau mewn brawddegau, paragraffau a thestunau cyfan.
Cam cynnydd 4
Rwy'n gallu defnyddio crynodebau, trafod materion, rhoi esboniadau manwl a defnyddio rhesymeg wrth ymdrin â phwnc.
Rwy'n gallu trefnu a llunio fy ngwaith ysgrifennu'n effeithiol, gan gysylltu a datblygu fy syniadau ar gyfer amrywiaeth o wahanol gyd-destunau.
Rwy'n gallu defnyddio amrywiaeth o gysyllteiriau'n benodol wrth drefnu fy syniadau yn destunau cyfan at wahanol ddibenion.
Cam cynnydd 5
Rwy'n gallu trefnu gwaith ysgrifennu ar ffurf briodol, gan sicrhau bod y cynnwys yn cael ei nodi o fewn a rhwng paragraffau neu adrannau, a chan ddatblygu a chynnal syniadau'n gydlynus.
Rwy'n gallu crynhoi gyda hyder, gan addasu arddull a ffurf yn ôl y darllenydd neu'r gynulleidfa fwriadedig a diben y gwaith ysgrifennu.
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Mathematical vocabulary, notation and accurate writing
Learners must know a wide mathematical vocabulary, from geometric terms such as parallel, perpendicular, isosceles and chord to the language of probability, and the writing accurately mark on each paper requires correct mathematical form, terminology and units.
Llythrennedd: Geirfa, sillafu, gramadeg
Paratoi disgyblion
- Blwyddyn 7
- Pupils build a mathematics glossary and word wall, learning to spell and define terms such as parallel, perpendicular, isosceles and denominator, with a short weekly spelling check.
- Blwyddyn 8
- Pupils write definitions of shapes and probability words with one example and one non-example each, then use them to describe a hidden shape to a partner without pointing.
- Blwyddyn 9
- Pupils check their written answers for correct notation and units, such as cm², km/h and £ signs, and correct spellings of key terms before handing work in.
Dangos geiriad y fanyleb a datganiadau'r Fframwaith Llythrennedd a Rhifedd
Ble mae yn y fanyleb: All units, Section 3.1, page 28, and Organising, communicating and writing accurately, page 51
“Learners should know the following geometric terms, vocabulary and essential properties:”
Cam cynnydd 3
Rwy'n gallu defnyddio geirfa amrywiol, briodol a manwl gywir, gan gynnwys geiriau sy'n benodol i faes dysgu a phrofiad/disgyblaeth at ddibenion gwahanol.
Rwy'n gallu defnyddio strategaethau i sillafu geiriau amlsillafog, cymhleth ac afreolaidd yng nghyd-destun pob maes dysgu a phrofiad.
Cam cynnydd 4
Rwyf wedi cael profiad o ystod o eirfa sy'n benodol i faes dysgu a phrofiad/disgyblaeth a geirfa academaidd gyffredinol, ac yn gallu ei defnyddio wrth i mi gyfathrebu.
Rwy'n gallu defnyddio amrywiaeth o strategaethau ac adnoddau i sillafu geirfa gyfarwydd ac anghyfarwydd a geiriau sy'n benodol i faes dysgu a phrofiad/disgyblaeth yn gywir.
Cam cynnydd 5
Rwy'n gallu defnyddio ystod o eirfa sy'n benodol i ddisgyblaeth a geirfa academaidd gyffredinol yn fanwl gywir.
Rwy'n gallu defnyddio strategaethau i sillafu geiriau sy'n benodol i ddisgyblaeth a geiriau academaidd cyffredinol mewn cyd-destunau priodol.
Rwy'n gallu deall a defnyddio confensiynau ffurfiol iaith at ddibenion amrywiol, gan wneud defnydd effeithiol o adnoddau cyfeirio a chymhorthion cywirdeb.
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Personal and household finance
Unit 1 is built around financial mathematics: wages, payslips, income tax and National Insurance, VAT, budgets, bills, best buys, exchange rates, profit and loss, and at Higher Tier simple and compound interest, AER and APR.
Rhifedd: Llythrennedd ariannol
Paratoi disgyblion
- Blwyddyn 7
- Pupils plan a class trip to Barry Island within a £300 budget, comparing coach and train prices and recording spending in a running-total table.
- Blwyddyn 8
- Pupils compare supermarket pack sizes of the same product, work out the price per 100 g to find the best buy, and calculate profit for a school tuck shop.
- Blwyddyn 9
- Pupils read a mock payslip and a savings advert, calculating VAT, a percentage discount and compound interest over three years using a multiplier.
Dangos geiriad y fanyleb a datganiadau'r Fframwaith Llythrennedd a Rhifedd
Ble mae yn y fanyleb: Unit 1, Section 1.8, pages 18 to 19
“understand the basic principles of personal/ household finance and enterprise in order to solve problems relating to”
Cam cynnydd 3
Rwy'n gallu rheoli arian, cymharu costau siopau gwahanol a phenderfynu beth y gellir ei brynu o fewn cyllideb benodol.
Rwy'n gallu cymharu prisiau a deall pa un yw'r gwerth gorau am arian.
Rwy'n gallu defnyddio elw a cholled mewn cyfrifiadau prynu a gwerthu.
Cam cynnydd 4
Rwy'n gallu cwblhau cyfrifiadau sy'n ymwneud â TAW, cynilo a benthyca.
Rwy'n gallu gwerthfawrogi egwyddorion sylfaenol cyllidebu, cynilo (gan gynnwys deall adlog) a benthyca.
Rwy'n gallu defnyddio a deall dulliau effeithlon o gyfrifo adlog.
Cam cynnydd 5
Rwy'n gallu deall a dangos y broses go iawn o gyfnewid arian tramor.
Rwy'n gallu deall a chyfrifo treth incwm a deall goblygiadau trethiant.
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Percentages, ratio and proportion
Learners find fractions and percentages of amounts, calculate percentage change, use multipliers, solve ratio and direct and inverse proportion problems, and at Higher Tier handle repeated proportional change and reverse percentages.
Rhifedd: Cyfrifiad, Perthnasoedd yn y system rif
Paratoi disgyblion
- Blwyddyn 7
- Pupils scale a Welsh cake recipe for 6 people up to 15 using ratio, and find 10%, 5% and 15% of shop prices by building from 10%.
- Blwyddyn 8
- Pupils calculate the percentage increase in local bus fares over several years and express one quantity as a percentage of another, such as goals scored out of shots taken.
- Blwyddyn 9
- Pupils use single multipliers such as 0.85 and 1.2 for repeated percentage change, and work back to the original price of an item before a sale.
Dangos geiriad y fanyleb a datganiadau'r Fframwaith Llythrennedd a Rhifedd
Ble mae yn y fanyleb: Units 1 and 3, Section 1.4, pages 14 to 15
“calculate fractional and percentage changes (increase and decrease)”
Cam cynnydd 3
Rwy'n gallu cyfrifo canran, ffracsiwn a degolyn o unrhyw faint gyda chyfrifiannell lle y bo'n briodol.
Rwy'n gallu defnyddio cymhareb a chyfran i gyfrifo meintiau.
Rwy'n gallu defnyddio cywerth ffracsiynau, degolion a chanrannau er mwyn cymharu cyfrannau.
Cam cynnydd 4
Rwy'n gallu cyfrifo cynnydd neu ostyngiad canrannol.
Rwy'n gallu mynegi un maint fel canran maint arall.
Rwy'n gallu defnyddio cymarebau a chyfrannau gan gynnwys graddfeydd map.
Cam cynnydd 5
Rwy'n gallu defnyddio lluosyddion fel dull effeithlon wrth weithio gyda chanrannau, e.e. lluosi ag 1.2 i gynyddu swm 20%.
Rwy'n gallu defnyddio a deall y syniad o ganran wrthdro i ddarganfod maint gwreiddiol.
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Calculating with and without a calculator, estimating and checking
Unit 2 is non-calculator, so learners must use written methods with whole numbers, decimals, fractions and negative numbers and estimate by rounding, while Units 1 and 3 expect efficient calculator use for order of operations, powers, roots, brackets and standard form.
Rhifedd: Y system rif, Cyfrifiad, Rhuglder, Cymhwysedd strategol
Paratoi disgyblion
- Blwyddyn 7
- Pupils write a rounded estimate before every written calculation in a daily non-calculator starter, then check the answer with an inverse operation.
- Blwyddyn 8
- Pupils predict the answer to calculations such as 3 + 4 × 2² using the order of operations before keying them in, and explain any mismatch.
- Blwyddyn 9
- Pupils sort a mixed question sheet into mental, written and calculator methods, then use the power, root and standard form keys on a scientific calculator.
Dangos geiriad y fanyleb a datganiadau'r Fframwaith Llythrennedd a Rhifedd
Ble mae yn y fanyleb: Unit 2, Section 1.1.9, page 12, and Units 1 and 3, Section 1.5.5, page 16
“estimate solutions to numerical calculations by approximating the numbers in the calculations”
Cam cynnydd 3
Rwy'n gallu amcangyfrif drwy dalgrynnu i'r 10, 100, 1000 neu'r rhif cyfan agosaf.
Rwy'n gallu defnyddio amrywiaeth o strategaethau i wirio cyfrifiadau gan gynnwys defnyddio gweithrediadau gwrthdro, cyfrifiadau cywerth a rheolau rhanadwyedd.
Rwy'n gallu defnyddio cyfrifiannell yn effeithiol ac yn effeithlon i gwblhau cyfrifiadau.
Cam cynnydd 4
Rwy'n gallu gwneud a chyfiawnhau amcangyfrifon a brasamcanion cyfrifiadau.
Rwy'n gallu defnyddio cyfrifiannell wyddonol yn effeithiol ac yn effeithlon i gwblhau cyfrifiadau gan ddefnyddio'r amrywiaeth o fysellau swyddogaeth sydd ar gael.
Rwy'n gallu defnyddio trefn gweithrediadau gan gynnwys cromfachau a phwerau.
Cam cynnydd 5
Rwy'n gallu defnyddio ffeithiau a thechnegau cadarn, cofiadwy a defnyddiadwy er mwyn cymhwyso'r dulliau mwyaf effeithlon.
Rwy'n gallu defnyddio cyfrifiannell wyddonol yn effeithiol ac yn effeithlon i gwblhau cyfrifiadau gan ddefnyddio'r amrywiaeth o fysellau swyddogaeth sydd ar gael.
Rwy'n gallu dewis strategaeth briodol ymenyddol neu un ysgrifenedig ac rwy'n gwybod pryd mae'n briodol defnyddio cyfrifiannell.
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Units, compound measures and accuracy of measurement
Learners convert metric and imperial units and units of time, work with time zones, use compound measures such as speed, fuel consumption, density and population density, and at Higher Tier find upper and lower bounds.
Rhifedd: Mesur, Y system rif, Cyfathrebu â symbolau
Paratoi disgyblion
- Blwyddyn 7
- Pupils measure classroom objects and convert between mm, cm, m and km, then plan a day trip to Cardiff using the real train timetable from Aberdare.
- Blwyddyn 8
- Pupils calculate average speed and fuel consumption for car journeys from Aberdare to Cardiff and Swansea, writing units such as km/h and mpg every time.
- Blwyddyn 9
- Pupils work out the population density of Rhondda Cynon Taf from census figures, and state the upper and lower bounds of lengths measured to the nearest centimetre.
Dangos geiriad y fanyleb a datganiadau'r Fframwaith Llythrennedd a Rhifedd
Ble mae yn y fanyleb: Units 1 and 3, Section 3.5, pages 34 to 35, and Unit 1, Section 1.6, pages 16 to 17
“recall and use compound measures for speed and fuel consumption”
Cam cynnydd 3
Rwy'n gallu darllen a dehongli graddfeydd neu raniadau ar amrywiaeth o offerynnau mesur.
Rwy'n gallu trosi unedau metrig o hyd i unedau llai, e.e. cm i mm, m i cm, km i m.
Rwy'n gallu defnyddio a dehongli calendrau, amserlenni a rhaglenni i gynllunio digwyddiadau a gweithgareddau, a gwneud cyfrifiadau fel rhan o'r daith gynllunio.
Cam cynnydd 4
Rwy'n gallu cynrychioli a defnyddio mesurau cyfansawdd, gan ddefnyddio unedau safonol.
Rwy'n gallu defnyddio'r unedau mesur cyffredin, trosi rhwng unedau cysylltiedig y system fetrig a chwblhau cyfrifiadau.
Rwy'n gallu defnyddio amserlenni a chylchfaoedd amser i gyfrifo amser teithio.
Cam cynnydd 5
Rwy'n gallu deall a defnyddio amrywiaeth o fesurau cyfansawdd.
Rwy'n gallu adnabod a diffinio cyfyngiadau ar gywirdeb mesuriadau, e.e. ffiniau uchaf ac isaf.
Rwy'n gallu defnyddio nodiant, symbolau ac unedau mesur priodol, gan gynnwys mesurau cyfansawdd.
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Scale drawings, maps and bearings
Units 1 and 3 require learners to read scales, use maps, produce scale drawings with scales such as 1:500 and use three-figure bearings, and Unit 3 adds constructions and loci with ruler, protractor and compasses.
Rhifedd: Ongl, Safle, Mesur, Cyfrifiad, Siâp a gofod
Paratoi disgyblion
- Blwyddyn 7
- Pupils measure the classroom with trundle wheels and tape measures and draw an accurate floor plan on squared paper at a scale of 1 cm to 1 m.
- Blwyddyn 8
- Pupils use an Ordnance Survey map of the Cynon Valley to measure real distances with the map scale and give three-figure bearings between landmarks.
- Blwyddyn 9
- Pupils construct a scale drawing of the school field with ruler and compasses and shade the region within 20 m of a sprinkler using loci.
Dangos geiriad y fanyleb a datganiadau'r Fframwaith Llythrennedd a Rhifedd
Ble mae yn y fanyleb: Units 1 and 3, Section 3.3, page 31, and Section 3.2, page 30
“interpret and produce scale drawings; scales may be written in the form 1 cm represents 5 m, or 1:500”
Cam cynnydd 3
Rwy'n gallu defnyddio ongl fel mesur cylchdro.
Rwy'n gallu defnyddio cyfeirnodau grid i nodi lleoliad.
Rwy'n gallu darllen a dehongli graddfeydd neu raniadau ar amrywiaeth o offerynnau mesur.
Cam cynnydd 4
Rwy'n gallu mesur a lluniadu onglau.
Rwy'n gallu cymhwyso dealltwriaeth o gyfeiriannau a graddfa i ddehongli mapiau a chynlluniau, ac i greu cynlluniau a lluniadau wrth raddfa.
Rwy'n gallu defnyddio cymarebau a chyfrannau gan gynnwys graddfeydd map.
Cam cynnydd 5
Rwy'n gallu mesur a lluniadu onglau.
Rwy'n gallu cymhwyso newid cyfrannol i ddyluniadau dau ddimensiwn.
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Using formulae, including perimeter, area and volume
Learners substitute into formulae written in words or symbols, change the subject of a formula, and apply perimeter, area and volume formulae to 2-D and 3-D shapes, recalling most formulae because the Foundation formula lists give only the trapezium and prism.
Rhifedd: Siâp a gofod, Cyfathrebu â symbolau, Mesur, Cymhwysedd strategol
Paratoi disgyblion
- Blwyddyn 7
- Pupils write word formulae for real situations, such as a taxi fare, rewrite them in symbols, and use formulae to find the perimeter and area of rectangles.
- Blwyddyn 8
- Pupils find the area of composite shapes and circles on a school garden plan, showing the formula, the substitution and the units at each step.
- Blwyddyn 9
- Pupils calculate the volume and capacity of prisms and cylinders, such as a rainwater tank, and rearrange formulae to find a missing length.
Dangos geiriad y fanyleb a datganiadau'r Fframwaith Llythrennedd a Rhifedd
Ble mae yn y fanyleb: All units, Section 2.1.2, page 21, and Units 1 and 3, Section 3.6, page 36
“substitute positive and negative whole numbers, fractions and decimals into simple formulae and expressions written in words or in symbols”
Cam cynnydd 3
Rwy'n gallu mesur a chyfrifo perimedr.
Rwy'n gallu dod o hyd i arwynebedd drwy gyfrif sgwariau, gan ddatblygu i gyfrifo arwynebedd sgwariau a phetryalau drwy ddefnyddio fformiwlâu.
Rwy'n gallu defnyddio nodiant, symbolau ac unedau mesur priodol.
Cam cynnydd 4
Rwy'n gallu dangos dealltwriaeth o'r berthynas rhwng fformiwla sy'n cynrychioli mesuriad a'r unedau a ddefnyddir.
Rwy'n gallu cyfrifo arwynebedd siapiau dau ddimensiwn syml a chyfansawdd, gan gynnwys cylchoedd.
Rwy'n gallu cymhwyso'r fformiwlâu ar gyfer cyfaint prismau syml.
Cam cynnydd 5
Rwy'n gallu cyfleu fy atebion gan ddefnyddio ffurf fathemategol gywir.
Rwy'n gallu defnyddio nodiant, symbolau ac unedau mesur priodol, gan gynnwys mesurau cyfansawdd.
Rwy'n gallu adnabod, modelu a chymhwyso'r strwythurau a syniadau mathemategol wrth wraidd problemau, er mwyn eu fformiwleiddio a'u datrys.
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Geometric reasoning and proof
Unit 2 requires learners to recall angle facts and, at Higher Tier, construct geometric proofs including circle theorems, and AO3, worth 20%, asks for arguments and proofs built by logical reasoning and deduction.
Rhifedd: Rhesymu rhesymegol
Paratoi disgyblion
- Blwyddyn 7
- Pupils find missing angles on straight lines and around a point and give the reason for each step in a full sentence, such as 'angles on a straight line add up to 180°'.
- Blwyddyn 8
- Pupils solve chains of angles in parallel lines, writing a numbered reason for every step, then check a partner's argument for any missing reason.
- Blwyddyn 9
- Pupils prove simple results, such as the angles in a quadrilateral summing to 360°, and judge 'always, sometimes or never true' statements using counter-examples.
Dangos geiriad y fanyleb a datganiadau'r Fframwaith Llythrennedd a Rhifedd
Ble mae yn y fanyleb: Unit 2, Section 3.4.5, page 33, and Section 3.1, AO3, page 50
“construct geometric proofs using angle properties and facts, including circle theorems”
Cam cynnydd 3
Rwy'n gallu llunio a datblygu dadl fathemategol.
Rwy'n gallu cyfiawnhau fy ngweithdrefnau a'm rhagfynegiadau.
Rwy'n gallu esbonio canlyniadau a gweithdrefnau yn fanwl gan ddefnyddio iaith fathemategol briodol.
Cam cynnydd 4
Rwy'n gallu llunio a datblygu dadl fathemategol.
Rwy'n gallu cyfiawnhau fy ngweithdrefnau, fy rhagfynegiadau a'm dyfaliadau.
Rwy'n gallu esbonio canlyniadau a gweithdrefnau yn fanwl gan ddefnyddio iaith fathemategol briodol.
Cam cynnydd 5
Rwy'n gallu llunio a datblygu dadl fathemategol.
Rwy'n gallu dilysu a phrofi canlyniadau a datrysiadau.
Rwy'n gallu esbonio canlyniadau a gweithdrefnau yn fanwl gan ddefnyddio iaith fathemategol briodol.
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Planning an enquiry and collecting data
Units 1 and 3 require the statistical problem-solving process: learners specify and test hypotheses, design and criticise questionnaire questions for fairness and bias, choose sampling methods and consider how sample size affects reliability.
Rhifedd: Casglu data
Paratoi disgyblion
- Blwyddyn 7
- Pupils pose a question about their year group, such as how pupils travel to school, and collect the answers in a tally chart and frequency table.
- Blwyddyn 8
- Pupils design a short questionnaire on school meals, then critique each other's questions for leading wording, overlapping answer boxes and bias.
- Blwyddyn 9
- Pupils test a hypothesis such as 'Year 9 pupils sleep less than Year 7 pupils', choosing a random or stratified sample and explaining how sample size affects reliability.
Dangos geiriad y fanyleb a datganiadau'r Fframwaith Llythrennedd a Rhifedd
Ble mae yn y fanyleb: Units 1 and 3, Section 4.1, pages 40 to 41
“design and criticise questions for a questionnaire, including notions of fairness and bias”
Cam cynnydd 3
Rwy'n gallu casglu data perthnasol i ateb cwestiynau a ofynnwyd.
Cam cynnydd 4
Rwy'n gallu casglu fy nata fy hun ar gyfer arolwg, e.e. drwy lunio holiadur.
Rwy'n gallu cynllunio sut i gasglu data er mwyn profi rhagdybiaeth syml.
Rwy'n gallu casglu data meintiol ac ansoddol.
Cam cynnydd 5
Rwy'n gallu casglu data mewn ffordd addas yn unol â'm rhagdybiaeth.
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Drawing graphs, charts and diagrams
Learners construct pictograms, bar charts, pie charts, line graphs, scatter diagrams with lines of best fit and grouped frequency diagrams, and draw conversion and travel graphs, with Higher Tier adding cumulative frequency, box plots and histograms.
Rhifedd: Cynrychioli data
Paratoi disgyblion
- Blwyddyn 7
- Pupils draw bar charts and pie charts by hand from their travel-to-school data, choosing a suitable scale and labelling both axes.
- Blwyddyn 8
- Pupils draw a conversion graph between pounds and euros and a travel graph of a walk to Dare Valley Country Park, then read values from each.
- Blwyddyn 9
- Pupils measure arm span and height, plot a scatter diagram, draw a line of best fit through the mean point and describe the correlation.
Dangos geiriad y fanyleb a datganiadau'r Fframwaith Llythrennedd a Rhifedd
Ble mae yn y fanyleb: Unit 3, Section 4.2, pages 41 to 44, and Unit 1, Section 2.5.1, page 27
“construct scatter diagrams for data on paired variables”
Cam cynnydd 3
Rwy'n gallu dewis a llunio siartiau, diagramau a graffiau priodol sydd â graddfeydd addas.
Rwy'n gallu cynrychioli data gan ddefnyddio:
- rhestrau, siartiau cyfrif, tablau, diagramau a thablau amlder
- siartiau bar, siartiau data wedi'u grwpio, graffiau llinell a graffiau trawsnewid
- pictogramau lle mae un symbol yn cynrychioli mwy nag un uned gan ddefnyddio allwedd
- diagramau Venn a Carroll.
Cam cynnydd 4
Rwy'n gallu creu tablau amlder ar gyfer setiau o ddata mewn cyfyngau dosbarth hafal, gan ddewis grwpiau fel y bo'n briodol.
Rwy'n gallu llunio a dehongli graffiau a diagramau (gan gynnwys siartiau cylch) i gynrychioli data arwahanol neu barhaus, gan ddewis graddfa briodol.
Rwy'n gallu llunio graffiau i gynrychioli data gan gynnwys diagramau gwasgariad er mwyn ymchwilio i gydberthyniad.
Cam cynnydd 5
Rwy'n gallu dewis a llunio siartiau, diagramau a graffiau priodol sydd â graddfeydd addas.
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Interpreting data, averages and probability
Learners compare distributions using averages and spread, recognise misleading graphs and draw conclusions related back to the original problem, while Unit 2 holds all probability, from the 0 to 1 scale to tree diagrams, which the LNF covers only through interpreting data.
Rhifedd: Dehongli data
Paratoi disgyblion
- Blwyddyn 7
- Pupils compare the mean and range of two classes' times-table test scores and write one sentence saying which class did better and why.
- Blwyddyn 8
- Pupils critique misleading newspaper graphs with cut-off axes, then run a dice experiment comparing relative frequency with the theoretical probability.
- Blwyddyn 9
- Pupils compare two data sets using the median and interquartile range, then write a conclusion that answers the original question and names one limitation of the data.
Dangos geiriad y fanyleb a datganiadau'r Fframwaith Llythrennedd a Rhifedd
Ble mae yn y fanyleb: Units 1 and 3, Section 4.2.21 to 4.2.23, page 44, and Unit 2, Sections 4.3 to 4.4, pages 45 to 47
“draw inferences and conclusions from summary measures and data representations, relate results back to the original problem”
Cam cynnydd 3
Rwy'n gallu echdynnu a dehongli gwybodaeth o amrywiaeth gynyddol o ddiagramau, amserlenni a graffiau (gan gynnwys siartiau cylch).
Rwy'n gallu dod i gasgliadau o ddata ac rwy'n cydnabod y gall rhai casgliadau fod yn gamarweiniol neu'n ansicr.
Rwy'n gallu defnyddio cymedr i ddehongli set data syml.
Cam cynnydd 4
Rwy'n gallu dehongli graffiau sy'n disgrifio sefyllfaoedd go iawn, gan gynnwys y rhai a ddefnyddir yn y cyfryngau, a chan gydnabod y gall rhai graffiau fod yn gamarweiniol.
Rwy'n gallu defnyddio cymedr, canolrif, modd ac ystod i gymharu data (parhaus ac arwahanol), ac rwy'n gallu dewis y cyfartaledd mwyaf priodol.
Rwy'n gallu archwilio canlyniadau yn feirniadol, a dethol a chyfiawnhau dewis o ystadegau, gan gydnabod cyfyngiadau unrhyw ragdybiaethau a'u heffaith ar y casgliadau.
Cam cynnydd 5
Rwy'n gallu dehongli graffiau sy'n disgrifio sefyllfaoedd go iawn, gan gynnwys y rhai a ddefnyddir yn y cyfryngau, a chan gydnabod y gall rhai graffiau fod yn gamarweiniol.
Rwy'n gallu dehongli gwybodaeth fathemategol; gan ddod i gasgliadau o graffiau, diagramau a data, gan gynnwys trafod cyfyngiadau data.
Rwy'n gallu dod i gasgliadau o ddata ac rwy'n cydnabod y gall rhai casgliadau fod yn gamarweiniol neu'n ansicr.
Da gwybod
- Unit 1 allows a calculator: 'A calculator will be allowed in this paper.' (page 5).
- Unit 2 is non-calculator: 'A calculator will not be allowed in this paper.' It holds all probability and much of the geometry (pages 5 and 10).
- Unit 3 allows a calculator and holds most of the data handling and measures content (pages 5 and 10).
- Two marks on each paper, at each tier, are for 'communicating, organising and writing accurately', six marks across the qualification, 'in addition to the marks allocated to the mathematics'. One mark is for communicating and organising, one for writing accurately, and the questions are clearly indicated on the paper (page 51).
- Writing accurately means learners 'show all their working', 'use correct mathematical form in their working' and 'use appropriate terminology, units, etc.' (page 51).
- Calculators must not offer language translators or hold stored dictionaries, formulas or text, and must not be borrowed from another candidate during the examination (page 52).
- Units 1 and 3 have a formula list at the start of the paper; Unit 2 has none. The Foundation Tier lists give only the area of a trapezium and the volume of a prism, so all other formulae must be recalled (pages 52 to 55).
- Metric to imperial equivalences 'will be given to learners' (Section 3.5.7, page 35), and compasses 'will be required' for some constructions and loci in Unit 3 (Section 3.2.2, page 30).
- There is no NEA. All assessment is by written examination, tiered Higher (grades A* to D) and Foundation (grades C to G), and learners may be entered at different tiers across units (pages 6 and 59).
Cysylltiadau â TGAU eraill
The finance, percentage, compound measure and statistics content overlaps heavily with Business, Geography, Social Studies and The Sciences, so agreeing shared methods for percentages, graphs and units with those departments will reinforce Key Stage 3 teaching.
Ffynhonnell: WJEC GCSE Mathematics and Numeracy (Double Award) Specification, for teaching from September 2025, Version 5, September 2025.